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HomeANATOMYMUSCLES OF FORE LIMB (BOVINE)

MUSCLES OF FORE LIMB (BOVINE)

Muscles of shoulder region  (Lateral aspect)

•Supraspinatus muscle-

Origin – Supraspinous fossa and scapular spine

Insertion – Lateral and medial tuberosity of humerus

Action – to extend the shoulder joint

•Infraspinatus muscle-

Origin – Infraspinous  fossa and scapular spine

Insertion – The lateral part insert to the round rough area below the lateral tuberosity of humerus  and the medial part inserts to the medial aspect of lateral tuberosity of humerus.

Action – to abduct the arm.

•Teres minor – It is situated below infraspinatus muscle.

Origin – Distal part of infraspinous fossa and posterior border of scapula.

Insertion – Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.

Action – To abduct the forelimb.

•Deltoideus

Origin – Acromion process and posterior border of scapula

Insertion – Deltoid tuberosity

Action – To abduct the forelimb.

Medial aspect

•Subscapularis muscle

Origin – Subscapular fossa

Insertion – Medial tuberosity of humerus.

Action – To adduct the forelimb

•Teres major

Origin – Caudo – dorsal angle of scapula

Insertion – Medial tuberosity of humerus

Action – To adduct the forelimb

•Coracobrachialis

Origin – Coracoid process of scapula

Insertion – Area above the teres tubercle of humerus Action – To adduct the forelimb.

Muscle of arm region

•Triceps brachii – The angle formed by scapula and humerus is filled up by triceps muscle. It  consist of 3 parts

Lateral head of triceps

Long head of triceps

Medial head of triceps

Origin – Caudal border of scapula and the medial surface of the shaft of the humerus.

Insertion – Olecranon process of ulna.

Action – to extend the elbow joint

•Tensor fascia antibrachii-

Origin – the proximal part of the posterior border of the scapula.

Insertion –  Olecranon process of ulna. 

Action – to extend the elbow joint.

•Biceps brachii –

Origin – tuber scapulae

Insertion – radial tuberosity

Action – to flex the elbow joint

•Brachialis –

Origin – area behind the head of humerus

Insertion – medial aspect of proximal end of radius and ulna.

Action – to flex the elbow joint.

•Anconeus –

Origin – caudal surface of the distal part of humerus

Insertion – olecranon process of ulna

Action – to extend the elbow 

Muscles of forearm and manus Lateral side

•Extensor carpi radialis

Origin – Crest of lateral condyle and coronoid fossa of humerus.

Insertion – Metacarpal tuberosity.

Action – To extend the carpal joint.

•Extensor carpi obliqus

Origin – Anterolateral surface of radius and lateral border of ulna at their distal fourth of radius.

Insertion – Proximal extremity of metacarpal bone.

Action – To extend the carpal bone

• Medial digital extensor

Origin – The rough depression outside the coronoid fossa in common with extensor carpii radialis.

Insertion – Second and third phalanges of the medial digit.

Action – To extend the joints of the medial digit.

•Common digital extensor

Origin – Lateral epicondyle of humerus and lateral border of ulna above proximal interosseous space.

Insertion – Extensor process of corresponding third phalanx.

Action – To extend the forelimb.

• Lateral digital extensor

Origin – Lateral aspect of proximal end of radius and ulna.

Insertion – Second and third phalanges of the lateral digit.

Action – To extend the joints of lateral digit.

Medial side

•Flexor carpi radialis

Origin – Medial condyle of humerus.

Insertion – Posterior aspect of proximal extremity of large metacarpal bone.

Action – To flex the carpal joint.

• Flexor carpi ulnaris

Origin – Medial condyle of humerus and medial aspect of olecranon process.

Insertion – Accessory carpal bone.

Action – To flex the carpal joint.

• Superficial digital flexor-

Origin – Medial condyle of humerus.

Insertion – 2nd Phalanx.

Action – To Flex the forelimb.

•Deep digital flexor-

Origin – Medial condyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna.

Insertion – 3rd Phalanx.

Action – To flex the forelimb.

• Ulnaris lateralis

Origin – Lateral condyle of humerus.

Insertion – Accessory carpal bone and lateral aspect of proximal end of metacarpal bone.

Action – To flex the carpus and extend the digit.

• Pronator teres

Origin – Medial condyle of humerus.

Insertion – At the upper third of medial surface of humerus.

Action – To flex the elbow joint.

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